Marxist Theory on Crime and Punishment Essay Essay Example

Marxist Theory on Crime and Punishment Essay Paper Marxist Theory and Crime and Punishment Throughout human history countless philosophers have risen with what they thought to be the best signifier of authorities for society as a whole. Karl Marx may be the most influential philosopher in Russian history. Harmonizing to The Free Dictionary. Marxism is the construct that â€Å"class battle plays a cardinal function in understanding society’s allegedly inevitable development from bourgeois subjugation under capitalist economy to a socialist and finally egalitarian society† . With this theory. Marx had a great impact on Russian literature? specifically. Fyodor Dostoyevsky’s Crime and Punishment. Harmonizing the the Marxist theory. one would construe Crime and Punishment as a perfect illustration to the rise of communism. This fresh embodies the Marxist theory because it is a announcement of a labor. being that Raskolnikov is out of topographic point in society. fighting from a paralysing poorness and has a craving f or contending for the common good among a society of unfair people. Harmonizing to the Marxist theory. aberrance is an apprehensible response to poorness. Throughout the novel. there are many cases where Raskolnikov. along with other characters in the novel. suffer from poorness and in return take drastic steps. For case. Sonya Marmeladov. a good ­willed. spiritual beauty. turned to harlotry in order to assist her household stay afloat. Even puting down. â€Å"thirty rubles on the table† . could halt the kids from shouting from famishment. and maintain a roof over their caputs a small longer ( 1. 2. 20 ) . Furthermore. poorness becomes a portion of Raskolnikov We will write a custom essay sample on Marxist Theory on Crime and Punishment Essay specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on Marxist Theory on Crime and Punishment Essay specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on Marxist Theory on Crime and Punishment Essay specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer

Brief Summary of French History

Brief Summary of French History France is a country in Western Europe that is roughly hexagonal in shape. It has existed as a country for a little over a thousand years  and has managed to fill those with some of the most important events in European history. It is bordered by the English Channel to the north, Luxembourg and Belgium to the northeast, Germany and Switzerland to the east, Italy to the southeast, the Mediterranean to the south, southwest by Andorra and Spain and west by the Atlantic Ocean. It currently has a president at the top of government. Historical Summary of France The country of France emerged from the fragmentation of the larger Carolingian empire, when Hugh Capet became King of West Francia in 987. This kingdom consolidated power and expanded territorially, becoming known as â€Å"France†. Early wars were fought over land with English monarchs, including the Hundred Years War, then against the Habsburgs, especially after the latter inherited Spain and appeared to surround France. At one point France was closely associated with the Avignon Papacy, and experienced wars of religion after the Reformation between a twisting combination of Catholic and Protestant. French royal power reached its peak with the reign of Louis XIV (1642 – 1715), known as the Sun King, and French culture dominated Europe. Royal power collapsed fairly quickly after Louis XIV and within a century France experienced the French Revolution, which began in 1789, overthrew Louis XVI and established a republic. France now found itself fighting wars and exporting its world-changing events across Europe. The French Revolution was soon usurped by a general called Napoleon, and the ensuing Napoleonic Wars saw France first militarily dominate Europe, then be defeated. The monarchy was restored, but instability followed and a second republic, second empire and third republic followed in the nineteenth century. The early twentieth century was marked by two German invasions, in 1914 and 1940, and a return to a democratic republic after liberation. France is currently in its Fifth Republic, established in 1959 during upheavals in society.   Key People from the History of France King Louis XIV (1638 - 1715): Louis XIV succeeded to the French throne as a minor in 1642 and ruled until 1715; for many contemporaries, he was the only monarch they ever knew. Louis was the apogee of French absolutist rule and the pageantry and success of his reign earned him the epithet ‘The Sun King’. He has been criticised for letting other European nations grow in strength.Napoleon Bonaparte (1769 - 1821): A Corsican by birth, Napoleon trained in the French army and success gained him a reputation, enabling him to get close to the political leaders of late-revolutionary France. Such was Napoleon’s prestige that he was able to seize power and transform the country into an Empire with himself at its head. He was initially successful in European wars, but was beaten and twice forced into exile by a coalition of European nations.Charles de Gaulle (1890 - 1970): A military commander who argued for mobile warfare when France turned instead to the Maginot Line, de G aulle became the leader of the Free French forces during the Second World War and then Prime Minister of the liberated country. After retiring he came back to politics in the late 50s to found the French Fifth Republic and create its constitution, ruling until 1969

Setting Your Freelance Writing Fees

Setting Your Freelance Writing Fees Setting Your Freelance Writing Fees Setting Your Freelance Writing Fees By Colin One of the most difficult things for a freelance writer is deciding what rate to charge for jobs. When working for oneself, it’s not as simple as setting a price and sticking to it rigidly for every client that comes along; there are things to consider, and all kinds of worries involved. Setting your own fees also brings with it a new worry that may never have been considered when you first decided you wanted to be a freelance writer – negotiation. This subject, however, is too big for this article, so I’ll cover it later. Meanwhile, here are some of the things to consider when deciding what fees to charge for your writing. What’s The Gig About? Its vitally important that you understand the full remit of a project, so you can provide an accurate quote for the work involved. The key questions to ask, if you haven’t been told beforehand, are: Type of work: is it an article, sales letter, press release, e-book, or a review? What the job is will greatly affect the charges imposed, because a 1000 word article for a golfing website will not normally pay as high as a 1000 word quality sales letter for a large company. Word/page restriction: how much writing does the client expect for his money? The more words or pages, the higher the fee. Deadline: always make sure you know when the client expects the work. If the project length is too short, tell him. Don’t put yourself under pressure to get work out when you know you will struggle to produce your usual standard. If a client insists on a short deadline, factor it into your price and your contract. How Much Knowledge/Experience Do I Have? Specialist writers will likely have got the job because they are specialists. They can charge a higher rate compared with someone who is relatively new to the field and writing the same material. The more knowledge you have, the more you can write, and to an editor that means longevity. To a writer that means a pleasant and regular rate. Having more experience in a topic can be a selling point, so make sure you let the client know this when you are applying, and as such, gauge your fee against your level of experience. Who Will Own The Rights? Often overlooked, the issue of rights for a piece of work can vary the charge quite significantly. Basically, when you sell a piece, you are selling the rights that go along with it, and the more rights you sell, the higher the rate you can charge. Some clients may wish to try and avoid making extra payments for a full rights purchase, and some may not, mainly because so many writers forget or undertake work un-contracted, it is simply not mentioned. Will There Be Significant Research Required? Never overlook research when calculating a fee, especially if it is for a project that will require hours of reading, material preparation, or even travel. While you are browsing the Internet or sitting in a library, you are lose out financially if you make your quote based on output, and not by the hour. Are There Any Other Expenses? Other expenses can include everything from traveling costs, postage costs, courier costs, or making phone calls. Expenses can build up quickly so never underestimate their importance, and always look to get your charges for this type of thing built into your contract. Whats The Going Rate? As you can see from the above, there is much that can alter a charge for a project. There is no set standard, and the rate one freelancer may charge for a piece of work, may differ to another. To get a feel of what is going on in the market place, and how you fit into it, it won’t do any harm to research what your peers are charging. There are various places to gather information, and gauge a suitable level of compensation for your work, and dependent on your experience. Writing Books: Check your local book store or online, as there are literally hundreds of books available for freelance writers. The Writers’ and Artists Yearbook is one of the best. Unions: In the UK the NUJ (National Union of Journalists) is a great source of advice and information. Freelance Writing Websites: There’s no shortage of websites on the Internet where a freelance writer can research what the going rate for a project is. Also check the job boards and see if there is a ball park figure you can live with. Writers’ Forums: A good forum can be a great place to ask for advice. You can also make great contacts for the future. All of this may be surplus to requirements if the publication or client you have applied to has set the payment schedule in advance. If this is the case, evaluate what you would expect to charge for a certain piece of work, and gauge it against what is on offer. If he is offering too low a fee, walk away or negotiate. Convince him of your worth, but remember, fees are based on a number of economic factors as well as what the client is looking to get in return. If he offers too high a fee in your opinion, accept the job immediately! Don’t Flinch The important thing to remember when setting your fees is to never flinch. Don’t begin with fees that are too large, because raising them is an expected part of business, whereas lowering them is a sign of weakness and lack of confidence. Always remember that you are the expert, and your expertise comes at a price. As with all businesses, you get what you pay for, and while smaller clients might be more cautious, you should never flinch from your charges once you have set them out. Confidence in your abilities gives clients confidence in you, and they will generally meet your fees. The Gut Feeling Factor All of the above is subject to scrutiny, debate, personal opinion, experience, self-confidence, and the Gut Feeling Factor. By that I mean some things may alter your approach to setting fees on an individual basis. For example, a client may present themselves with a poor project they would like you to work on, but with the promise of great work down the line. Or you may get a sense that a new client has connections it would be worth working with them. In both cases you may calculate your fee higher or lower, depending on what you feel is appropriate. Things to consider if you get the Gut Feeling Factor are: How much exposure to other potential markets can the client offer? Is there potential for an on-gong relationship? How do you feel about the contact you have had so far? Do you think you will enjoy the work? Want to improve your English in five minutes a day? Get a subscription and start receiving our writing tips and exercises daily! Keep learning! Browse the Freelance Writing category, check our popular posts, or choose a related post below:12 Greek Words You Should KnowBody Parts as Tools of Measurement40 Idioms with First

Challenges of Tourism in Orlando Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Challenges of Tourism in Orlando - Essay Example The growth of Orlando from a small town to a large internationally-recognized tourist city has been shaped by several factors. The hostilities between Settlers and Seminole Indians resulted in Florida’s statehood. In the 1860s, cattle ranching was the widely practiced activity in Central Florida. However, the practice was characterized by chaos resulting in the violent cattle wars of the 1860s (Frommers, 2015). Earlier, infrastructure was absent, and its development began in the 1870s. As the years progressed, cattle ranching was abandoned, and residents picked up citrus farming, industrialization, and real estate development. Fires and fruit-fly infestation rolled back the gains, but infrastructure expansion and the population growth continued during the Second World War.Postwar prosperity of Orlando was contributed by the strong financial and transportation infrastructure developed during the Second World War. Also, the advent of the air-conditioner attracted more people to the city. The bustling tourism industry discharged millions of dollars into the local economy and the massive industrialization in the 1950s contributed to rapid growth. Elsewhere, the prosperity has been characterized by the absence of civil behavior. The cattle wars of 1860’s saw the seeds for gunfights, bar brawls, and murders. The problem of cattle rustling is an activity that petered down, but has persisted up to now. Orlando’s tourism industry is characterized by theme parks populated with hotel chains and numerous restaurants.

Business , Government and Society Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Business , Government and Society - Essay Example The article mainly discussed how US regulatory bodies have put in place the most business friendly policies. The business environment views government policies in terms of the regulatory burden and property rights protection that affects them on their day-to-day activities. The article discusses how the US government still currently ranks among the top countries with regards business-friendly policies, despite the issuance of new regulations as counteractive measures to financial crisis. There had also been numerous deregulatory policies of previous governments, and thus the current government has undertaken to put in place business friendly measures. However, there have been complaints among congressmen, business people, and trade representatives that a significant percentage of unemployment has resulted from overregulation of the business environment by the government. The article shows that the World Bank ranking has also not included a number of critical factors such as skills of the workforce, the size of the market and macroeconomic conditions. Nevertheless, African countries have been reported to have the most unfriendly business environment characterized by numerous regulations.   Major Stake Holders and Their Interests Major stakeholders of macroeconomic policies include the governments’ political class, the society, and investors in the business environment. ... Concerning changes in governance, the political class alters these guidelines and rules thus affecting the day-to-day operations of businesses. The government plays key role in to the economy of a country as a whole and thus needs to put in place economic policies that would bring economic developments. The governments’ political class being a major stakeholder to macroeconomics, it has continuously interfered with operations of the economy through the construction of public corporations. However, public corporations have been privatized by many governments in a bid to stimulate economic developments through the sale of underpriced shares to private members of the society. Privatization program has been used by nations as an economic reform programs. Stimulation of economic developments has been possible in many economies by coming up with business environments that are more competitive through privatization of public corporations (Rajan & Asher 95). Macroeconomics Theory and Concepts Macroeconomic theory is not the only aspect used by the government to ensure the business environment is favorable for entrepreneurs and for economic growth. Sustained economic growth in most cases depend on structural performance such as government regulations, public sector privatization, favorable policies, liberalization of trade and efficiency of the banking sector. Economic growth that focuses on distributional and progressive improvement has a positive impact of both the interest of the society and the businesspersons. Macroeconomic theories can be complemented by government policies that seek to improve income distribution in the society. Such policies may include reforms with regards to land tenure, access to financial services at affordable rates

Using Our Fears to Curtail Our Liberties :: Free Essays

The danger we face today in this country is not that government officials will make hasty and rash decisions out of fear. It is that they will use a national crisis as an opportunity to make themselves more powerful and less accountable for what they do in regards to our civil liberties and freedoms guaranteed by the Constitution. They realise that in times of great distress and anxiety the general mass of the population is not going to notice these new policies that they are going to rush through congress and have signed by their president all in the name of the war on terrorism. An increasingly tyrannical tone is pervading through the Bush administration. We have seen it in the Patriot legislation act that was so hastily pushed through Congress with barely a mention anywhere in the papers. We have seen it in the President Bush’s order authorizing military tribunals for those thought to be terrorists or conspirators without traditional due process protections and without a right of appeal to anyone but our great President Bush himself. We have also seen it in new federal policies that permit eavesdropping of confidential communications between attorneys and their client’s privileged phone calls. And we have seen it in new regulations that allow the attorney general to imprison non-citizens indefinitely, even if an immigration judge has ruled that there is no evidence to justify holding them against their will. Currently there are 641 citizens and non-citizens being detained throughout our country, who have not been charged with a crime. These de tainees are being held for nothing more then their nationality. This is reminiscent of what happened to the Japanese in our country during the Second World War. If this current wave of policies is to continue, there will be no stopping the current administration and how far they are willing to go.

Marketing †Peter England Essay

To create a quick and universal awareness of the brand’s USP of quality and price. * To build strong brand preference and sustain brand loyalty through attractive imagery and constantly reiterate the product’s pluses Marketing Mix Peter England follows the 4 P’s of the marketing mix: Product architecture – The range comprises regular office wear, special occasion wear and casual wear. Pricing – Price grid integrity is maintained byensuring that65 per cent of the brand offering is below MRP 500 through ‘Core’ range. Promotion – Pricing Objective * Peter England aims at maximizing its market share * Introduces Market Penetration pricing * Peter England in 1997 the journey begins †¦ * Peter England follows Value Based Pricing * Goes in for a High Value Strategy * Offers the consumers premium quality at medium price Pricing Strategy * Price grid integrity maintained by ensuring 65 per cent of the brand offering was below MRP 500 through ‘Core’ range* At the same time premium products introduced at the top end through collectionslike ‘the solids collection’ and ‘the festival collection’